Gaurav Masand When you forget a command’s syntax or want to discover the right tool, Linux already includes several built-in help systems. man man command Use man for the full manual page. Inside the viewer, press / to search, n for the next match, and q to quit. –help and shell help command –help help cd –help … Read more
Installing software from source is useful when a package is unavailable, you need a newer version, or you are testing a specific build. For normal systems, prefer your distribution’s package manager when possible because it handles updates, dependencies, and removal more cleanly. Typical workflow Install the compiler and required development libraries. Download the source from … Read more
Modern Linux networking work is usually built around the ip, ss, ping, traceroute, and DNS lookup tools. Older commands such as ifconfig, route, and netstat may still be available but are no longer the preferred defaults on many distributions. Interfaces and addresses ip addr ip link Routing ip route Listening sockets ss -tulpn Connectivity and … Read more
Linux is a Unix-like operating system used on servers, desktops, cloud platforms, embedded systems, and development environments. The quickest way to become comfortable with it is to learn the filesystem, shell, permissions, processes, packages, and networking basics. Start with the shell pwd ls -la cd /path cp source destination mv old new rm file Understand … Read more
Practical building blocks for safer and more maintainable Bash scripts.
A beginner-friendly Bash overview with basic commands, variables and a simple script.
unix2dos converts a Unix/Linux text file to Windows-style line endings. It is mainly useful when a file needs to be opened by older Windows tools that expect CRLF line endings. Convert a file This updates the file in place. Make a copy first if you need to keep the original Unix-format file. For shell scripts … Read more
mii-tool is an older Linux command used to check the link status and speed of some Ethernet interfaces. On modern systems, ethtool is usually preferred, but mii-tool may still appear on older servers. Check an interface The output can show whether the link is up and what speed or duplex mode is detected. Modern alternative … Read more
If you need a long-running shell session to survive an SSH disconnect, use a terminal multiplexer such as screen or tmux. Both let you detach from a session and reconnect later. Using screen screen -S work Detach with Ctrl-A then D. Reattach later with: screen -r work Using tmux tmux new -s work Detach with … Read more
Part two of the Linux filesystem structure overview, covering boot files, device files and local software directories.