Gaurav Masand

Practical notes on Linux, Unix, Oracle, PostgreSQL, command-line tools and systems engineering.

script — Record a Terminal Session

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The script command records everything shown in a terminal session. It is useful when you want to capture troubleshooting steps, command output, or a repeatable install log. Start recording Run your commands as usual. When finished, exit the recording session. View the log Avoid recording passwords, tokens or private data. The output is saved as … Read more

hdparm — View Disk Parameters in Linux

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hdparm can display disk parameters and run simple read-performance checks. Some write options can be risky, so use read-only commands unless you are sure of the device and impact. Show disk information Run a basic read test Replace /dev/sda with the correct device name for your system. Check devices first with lsblk.

Installing Software in Linux

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Linux software is usually installed through the distribution package manager. This is safer than downloading random installers because packages are tracked, updated and removed cleanly. Debian and Ubuntu systems Red Hat, Fedora and similar systems Older Red Hat-based systems may use yum instead of dnf. Check whether software is already installed Prefer the package manager … Read more

apt-get — Debian Package Manager

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apt-get is a command-line package tool used on Debian-based Linux systems. It is commonly used to install, update, remove and search for software packages. Update package information This refreshes the local package index. It does not upgrade packages by itself. Install a package Remove a package Upgrade installed packages On modern systems, apt is often … Read more

Check Linux Network Configuration

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To understand a Linux system’s network configuration, check its addresses, routes, DNS settings, and listening services. Older commands such as ifconfig and route still appear in historical documentation, but the ip command is preferred on modern systems. IP addresses and interfaces ip addr ip link Routes and default gateway ip route DNS configuration cat /etc/resolv.conf … Read more