Recover or Reinstall the GRUB Bootloader
Steps to recover or reinstall GRUB from live media or a rescue environment.
Linux Troubleshooting
Practical Linux troubleshooting notes for boot, storage, permissions, processes, and system issues.
How to Check Directory Size in Linux Using du
The du command is the quick way to check how much disk space a directory is using on Linux or Unix systems. Check the size of a directory Example: Example output: Options used -s: show only the total size for the directory. -h: show the result in a human-readable format such as KB, MB or … Read more
Safely Find and Delete Files in Linux with find
The find command is useful for locating files recursively and then taking action on them. When deleting files, it is safer to list the matches first and delete only after checking the output. List matching files first List all .tmp files below the current directory: List all .log files below the current directory: Delete after … Read more
Half Duplex and Full Duplex Network Links
Explains half duplex and full duplex Ethernet links and how to check link settings in Linux.
Change File Permissions on an FTP Server
How file permissions are changed on an FTP or hosting server, with safer modern notes.
Installing GRUB from Rescue Mode
How to reinstall GRUB from a Linux rescue environment after bootloader problems.
Establishing a LAN Among Linux Machines
A small LAN between Linux machines usually needs three things: working network connectivity, correct IP addressing, and a way to share or access services between machines. Check IP addresses Machines on the same LAN are usually in the same IP range, such as 192.168.1.x, depending on the router or DHCP server. Test connectivity Replace the … Read more
Inform Linux About Partition Table Changes
After changing a disk partition table, Linux may not immediately notice the new layout. A reboot is the cleanest option, but on some systems you can ask the kernel to re-read the partition table. Check current block devices Ask the kernel to re-read partitions Replace /dev/sdX with the whole disk, not a partition. For example, … Read more
Linux File Permissions
Linux file permissions control who can read, write or execute a file. This is one of the first things to check when a script does not run, a service cannot read a file, or a user cannot access a directory. View permissions A typical output line looks like this: The first character shows the type … Read more
Network Printers in Linux
Network printers are usually easier to manage when you know the printer IP address, queue name and protocol being used. On Linux systems, printing is commonly handled through CUPS. Useful checks These commands show configured printers and the device URI used by each printer. Check CUPS service When troubleshooting, confirm that the printer is reachable … Read more